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Microsoft Windows Help File Content  |  2001-05-22  |  17KB  |  378 lines

  1. :Base del6op.hlp>main
  2. :Title Object Pascal Language Guide
  3. 1 Object Pascal Reference
  4. 2 Overview
  5. 3 Using Object Pascal=IDH_OP_overview
  6. 3 Program organization
  7. 4 Program organization: Overview=IDH_OP_programOrganization
  8. 4 Pascal source files=IDH_OP_pascalSourceFiles
  9. 4 Other files used to build applications=IDH_OP_otherFilesUsedtoBuildApplications
  10. 4 Compiler-generated files=IDH_OP_compilerGeneratedFiles
  11. 3 Example programs
  12. 4 About example programs=IDH_OP_examplePrograms
  13. 4 A simple console application=IDH_OP_simpleConsoleApplication
  14. 4 A more complicated example=IDH_OP_complicatedExample
  15. 4 A native application=IDH_OP_windowsApplication
  16. 2 Programs and units
  17. 3 Programs and units: Overview=IDH_OP_programsAndUnits
  18. 3 Program structure and syntax
  19. 4 Program structure and syntax: Overview=IDH_OP_programStructureAndSyntax
  20. 4 The program heading=IDH_OP_theProgramHeading
  21. 4 The program uses clause=IDH_OP_theProgramUsesClause
  22. 4 The block=IDH_OP_theBlock
  23. 3 Unit structure and syntax
  24. 4 Unit structure and syntax: Overview=IDH_OP_unitStructureAndSyntax
  25. 4 The unit heading=IDH_OP_theUnitHeading
  26. 4 The interface section=IDH_OP_theInterfaceSection
  27. 4 The implementation section=IDH_OP_theImplementationSection
  28. 4 The initialization section=IDH_OP_theInitializationSection
  29. 4 The finalization section=IDH_OP_theFinalizationSection
  30. 3 Unit references and the uses clause
  31. 4 Unit references and the uses clause=IDH_OP_unitReferencesAndTheUsesClause
  32. 4 The syntax of a uses clause=IDH_OP_theSyntaxOfAUsesClause
  33. 4 Multiple and indirect unit references=IDH_OP_multipleAndIndirectUnitReferences
  34. 4 Circular unit references=IDH_OP_circularUnitReferences
  35. 2 Syntactic elements
  36. 3 Syntactic elements: Overview=IDH_OP_syntacticElements
  37. 3 Fundamental syntactic elements
  38. 4 Fundamental syntactic elements: Overview=IDH_OP_fundamentalSyntacticElements
  39. 4 Special symbols=IDH_OP_specialSymbols
  40. 4 Identifiers=IDH_OP_identifiers
  41. 4 Reserved words=IDH_OP_reservedWords
  42. 4 Directives=IDH_OP_directives
  43. 4 Numerals=IDH_OP_numerals
  44. 4 Labels=IDH_OP_labels
  45. 4 Character strings=IDH_OP_characterStrings
  46. 2 Comments and compiler directives=IDH_OP_commentsAndCompilerDirectives
  47. 3 Expressions
  48. 4 About expressions=IDH_OP_expressions
  49. 4 Operators
  50. 5 About operators=IDH_OP_operators
  51. 5 Arithmetic operators=IDH_OP_arithmeticOperators
  52. 5 Boolean operators=IDH_OP_booleanOperators
  53. 5 Logical (bitwise) operators=IDH_OP_logicalOperators
  54. 5 String operators=IDH_OP_stringOperators
  55. 5 Pointer operators=IDH_OP_pointerOperators
  56. 5 Set operators=IDH_OP_setOperators
  57. 5 Relational operators=IDH_OP_relationalOperators
  58. 5 Class operators=IDH_OP_classOperators
  59. 5 The @ operator=IDH_OP_addressOperator
  60. 5 Operator precedence rules=IDH_OP_operatorPrecedenceRules
  61. 3 Function calls=IDH_OP_functionCalls
  62. 4 Set constructors=IDH_OP_setConstructors
  63. 4 Indexes=IDH_OP_indexes
  64. 4 Typecasts
  65. 5 Typecasts: Overview=IDH_OP_typecasts
  66. 5 Value typecasts=IDH_OP_valueTypecasts
  67. 5 Variable typecasts=IDH_OP_variableTypecasts
  68. 3 Declarations and statements
  69. 4 About declarations and statements=IDH_OP_declarationsAndStatements
  70. 4 Declarations=IDH_OP_declarations
  71. 4 Statements=IDH_OP_statements
  72. 4 Simple statements
  73. 5 Simple statements: Overview=IDH_OP_simpleStatements
  74. 5 Assignment statements=IDH_OP_assignmentStatements
  75. 5 Procedure and function calls=IDH_OP_procedureAndFunctionCalls
  76. 5 Goto statements=IDH_OP_gotoStatements
  77. 4 Structured statements
  78. 5 Structured statements: Overview=IDH_OP_structuredStatements
  79. 5 Compound statements=IDH_OP_compoundStatements
  80. 5 With statements=IDH_OP_withStatements
  81. 5 If statements=IDH_OP_ifStatements
  82. 5 Case statements=IDH_OP_caseStatements
  83. 5 Control loops=IDH_OP_controlLoops
  84. 5 Repeat statements=IDH_OP_repeatStatements
  85. 5 While statements=IDH_OP_whileStatements
  86. 5 For statements=IDH_OP_forStatements
  87. 3 Blocks and scope
  88. 4 Blocks and scope: Overview=IDH_OP_blocksAndScope
  89. 4 Blocks=IDH_OP_blocks
  90. 4 Scope=IDH_OP_scope
  91. 2 Data types, variables, and constants
  92. 3 Data types and variables: Overview=IDH_OP_datatypesVariablesAndConstants
  93. 3 About types=IDH_OP_aboutTypes
  94. 3 Simple types
  95. 4 Simple types: Overview=IDH_OP_simpleTypes
  96. 4 Ordinal types
  97. 5 Ordinal types: Overview=IDH_OP_ordinalTypes
  98. 5 Integer types=IDH_OP_integerTypes
  99. 5 Character types=IDH_OP_characterTypes
  100. 5 Boolean types=IDH_OP_booleanTypes
  101. 5 Enumerated types=IDH_OP_enumeratedTypes
  102. 5 Subrange types=IDH_OP_subrangeTypes
  103. 3 Real types=IDH_OP_realTypes
  104. 3 String types
  105. 4 About string types=IDH_OP_stringTypes
  106. 4 Short strings=IDH_OP_shortStrings
  107. 4 Long strings=IDH_OP_longStrings
  108. 4 Wide strings
  109. 5 WideString=IDH_OP_wideString
  110. 5 About extended character sets=IDH_OP_extendedCharacterSets
  111. 4 Null-terminated strings
  112. 5 Working with null-terminated strings=IDH_OP_nullTerminatedStrings
  113. 5 Using pointers, arrays, and string constants=IDH_OP_pointersArraysAndStringConstants
  114. 5 Mixing Pascal strings and null-terminated strings=IDH_OP_mixingPascalAndNullTerminatedStrings
  115. 3 Structured types
  116. 4 Structured types: Overview=IDH_OP_structuredTypes
  117. 4 Sets=IDH_OP_sets
  118. 4 Arrays
  119. 5 Arrays: Overview=IDH_OP_arrays
  120. 5 Static arrays=IDH_OP_staticArrays
  121. 5 Dynamic arrays=IDH_OP_dynamicArrays
  122. 5 Multidimensional dynamic arrays=IDH_OP_multidimensionalDynamicArrays
  123. 5 Array types and assignments=IDH_OP_arrayTypesAndAssignments
  124. 4 Records
  125. 5 About records=IDH_OP_records
  126. 5 Variant parts in records=IDH_OP_variantPartsInRecords
  127. 3 File types=IDH_OP_fileTypes
  128. 3 Pointers and pointer types
  129. 4 Pointers and pointer types=IDH_OP_pointersAndPointerTypes
  130. 4 Overview of pointers=IDH_OP_overviewOfPointers
  131. 4 Pointer types
  132. 5 About pointer types=IDH_OP_pointerTypes
  133. 5 Character pointers=IDH_OP_characterPointers
  134. 5 Other standard pointer types=IDH_OP_standardPointerTypes
  135. 3 Procedural types
  136. 4 Procedural types: Overview=IDH_OP_proceduralTypes
  137. 4 Procedural types in statements and expressions=IDH_OP_proceduralTypesInStatementsAndExpressions
  138. 3 Variant types
  139. 4 Variant types: Overview=IDH_OP_variantTypes
  140. 4 Variant type conversions=IDH_OP_variantTypeConversions
  141. 4 Variants in expressions=IDH_OP_variantsInExpressions
  142. 4 Variant arrays=IDH_OP_variantArrays
  143. 4 OleVariant=IDH_OP_oleVariant
  144. 3 Type compatibility and identity
  145. 4 Type compatibility and identity: Overview=IDH_OP_typeCompatibilityAndIdentity
  146. 4 Type identity=IDH_OP_typeIdentity
  147. 4 Type compatibility=IDH_OP_typeCompatibility
  148. 4 Assignment-compatibility=IDH_OP_assignmentCompatibility
  149. 3 Declaring types
  150. 4 Declaring types=IDH_OP_declaringTypes
  151. 3 Variables
  152. 4 Variables: Overview=IDH_OP_variables
  153. 4 Declaring variables
  154. 5 Declaring variables=IDH_OP_declaringVariables
  155. 5 Absolute addresses=IDH_OP_absoluteAddresses
  156. 5 Dynamic variables=IDH_OP_dynamicVariables
  157. 5 Thread-local variables=IDH_OP_threadLocalVariables
  158. 3 Declared constants
  159. 4 Constants: Overview=IDH_OP_constants
  160. 4 True constants
  161. 5 True constants=IDH_OP_trueConstants
  162. 5 Constant expressions=IDH_OP_constantExpressions
  163. 5 Resource strings=IDH_OP_resourceStrings
  164. 4 Typed constants
  165. 5 About typed constants=IDH_OP_typedConstants
  166. 5 Array constants=IDH_OP_arrayConstants
  167. 5 Record constants=IDH_OP_recordConstants
  168. 5 Procedural constants=IDH_OP_proceduralConstants
  169. 5 Pointer constants=IDH_OP_pointerConstants
  170. 2 Procedures and functions
  171. 3 Procedures and functions: Overview=IDH_OP_proceduresAndFunctions
  172. 3 Declaring procedures and functions
  173. 4 Declaring procedures and functions: Overview=IDH_OP_declaringProceduresAndFunctions
  174. 4 Procedure declarations=IDH_OP_declaringProcedures
  175. 4 Function declarations=IDH_OP_declaringFunctions
  176. 4 Calling conventions=IDH_OP_callingConventions
  177. 4 Forward and interface declarations=IDH_OP_forwardAndInterfaceDeclarations
  178. 4 External declarations=IDH_OP_externalDeclarations
  179. 4 Overloading procedures and functions=IDH_OP_overloadingProceduresAndFunctions
  180. 4 Local declarations=IDH_OP_localDeclarations
  181. 3 Parameters
  182. 4 Parameters: Overview=IDH_OP_parameters
  183. 4 Parameter semantics
  184. 5 Parameter semantics: Overview=IDH_OP_parameterSemantics
  185. 5 Value and variable parameters=IDH_OP_valueAndVariableParameters
  186. 5 Constant parameters=IDH_OP_constantParameters
  187. 5 Out parameters=IDH_OP_outParameters
  188. 5 Untyped parameters=IDH_OP_untypedParameters
  189. 4 String parameters
  190. 5 About string parameters=IDH_OP_stringParameters
  191. 4 Array parameters
  192. 5 Array parameters: Overview=IDH_OP_arrayParameters
  193. 5 Open array parameters=IDH_OP_openArrayParameters
  194. 5 Variant open array parameters=IDH_OP_variantOpenArrayParameters
  195. 4 Default parameters
  196. 5 Default parameters=IDH_OP_defaultParameters
  197. 5 Default parameters and overloaded routines=IDH_OP_defaultParametersAndOverloadedRoutines
  198. 5 Default parameters in forward and interface declarations=IDH_OP_defaultParametersInForwardAndInterfaceDeclarations
  199. 3 Calling procedures and functions
  200. 4 Calling procedures and functions=IDH_OP_callingProceduresAndFunctions
  201. 4 Open array constructors=IDH_OP_openArrayConstructors
  202. 2 Classes and objects
  203. 3 Classes and objects: Overview=IDH_OP_classesAndObjects
  204. 3 Class types
  205. 4 About class types=IDH_OP_classTypes
  206. 4 Inheritance and scope
  207. 5 Inheritance and scope=IDH_OP_inheritanceAndScope
  208. 5 TObject and TClass=IDH_OP_tobjectAndTClass
  209. 5 Compatibility of class types=IDH_OP_compatibilityOfClassTypes
  210. 5 Object types=IDH_OP_objectTypes
  211. 4 Visibility of class members
  212. 5 Visibility of class members=IDH_OP_visibilityOfClassMembers
  213. 5 Private, protected, and public members=IDH_OP_privateProtectedAndPublicMembers
  214. 5 Published members=IDH_OP_publishedMembers
  215. 5 Automated members=IDH_OP_automatedMembers
  216. 3 Forward declarations and mutually dependent classes=IDH_OP_forwardDeclarationsAndMutuallyDependentClasses
  217. 2 Fields=IDH_OP_fields
  218. 3 Methods
  219. 4 Methods: Overview=IDH_OP_methods
  220. 4 Method declarations and implementations
  221. 5 Method declarations and implementations=IDH_OP_methodDeclarationsAndImplementations
  222. 5 Inherited=IDH_OP_inherited
  223. 5 Self=IDH_OP_self
  224. 4 Method binding
  225. 5 Method binding: Overview=IDH_OP_methodBinding
  226. 5 Static methods=IDH_OP_staticMethods
  227. 5 Virtual and dynamic methods=IDH_OP_virtualAndDynamicMethods
  228. 5 Overriding versus hiding=IDH_OP_overridingVersusHiding
  229. 5 Reintroduce=IDH_OP_reintroduce
  230. 5 Abstract methods=IDH_OP_abstractMethods
  231. 3 Overloading methods=IDH_OP_overloadingMethods
  232. 4 Constructors=IDH_OP_constructors
  233. 4 Destructors=IDH_OP_destructors
  234. 4 Message methods=IDH_OP_messageHandlers
  235. 3 Properties
  236. 4 Properties: Overview=IDH_OP_properties
  237. 4 Property access=IDH_OP_propertyAccess
  238. 4 Array properties=IDH_OP_arrayProperties
  239. 4 Index specifiers=IDH_OP_indexSpecifiers
  240. 4 Storage specifiers=IDH_OP_storageSpecifiers
  241. 4 Property overrides and redeclarations=IDH_OP_propertyOverridesAndRedeclarations
  242. 3 Class references
  243. 4 Class references: Overview=IDH_OP_classReferences
  244. 4 Class-reference types=IDH_OP_classReferenceTypes
  245. 4 Constructors and class references=IDH_OP_constructorsAndClassReferences
  246. 4 Class operators
  247. 5 Class operators: Overview=IDH_OP_overviewClassOperators
  248. 5 The is operator=IDH_OP_isOperator
  249. 5 The as operator=IDH_OP_asOperator
  250. 3 Class methods=IDH_OP_classMethods
  251. 3 Exceptions
  252. 4 Exceptions: Overview=IDH_OP_exceptions
  253. 4 When to use exceptions=IDH_OP_whenToUseExceptions
  254. 4 Declaring exception types=IDH_OP_declaringExceptionTypes
  255. 4 Raising and handling exceptions
  256. 5 Raising and handling exceptions=IDH_OP_raisingAndHandlingExceptions
  257. 5 Try...except statements=IDH_OP_tryExceptStatements
  258. 5 Re-raising exceptions=IDH_OP_reraisingExceptions
  259. 5 Nested exceptions=IDH_OP_nestedExceptions
  260. 5 Try...finally statements=IDH_OP_tryFinallyStatements
  261. 3 Standard exception classes and routines=IDH_OP_standardExceptionClassesAndRoutines
  262. 2 Standard routines and I/O
  263. 3 Standard routines and I/O: Overview=IDH_OP_standardRoutinesAndIO
  264. 3 File input and output
  265. 4 File input and output=IDH_OP_fileIO
  266. 4 Text files=IDH_OP_textFiles
  267. 4 Untyped files=IDH_OP_untypedFiles
  268. 3Text-file device drivers
  269. 4 Text-file device drivers: Overview=IDH_OP_textFileDeviceDrivers
  270. 4 Device functions=IDH_OP_deviceFunctions
  271. 2 Handling null-terminated strings=IDH_OP_handlingNullTerminatedStrings
  272. 3 Other standard routines=IDH_OP_otherStandardRoutines
  273. 2 Libraries and packages
  274. 3 Libraries and packages: Overview=IDH_OP_dynamicLinkLibrariesAndPackages
  275. 3 Calling dynamically loadable libraries
  276. 4 Calling dynamically loadable libraries=IDH_OP_callingDlls
  277. 4 Dynamic loading=IDH_OP_dynamicLoading
  278. 3 Writing dynamically loadable libraries
  279. 4 Writing dynamically loadable libraries=IDH_OP_writingDlls
  280. 4 The exports clause=IDH_OP_theExportsClause
  281. 4 Library initialization code=IDH_OP_libraryInitializationCode
  282. 4 Global variables in a library=IDH_OP_globalVariablesInADll
  283. 4 Libraries and system variables=IDH_OP_dllsAndSystemVariables
  284. 4 Exceptions and runtime errors in libraries=IDH_OP_exceptionsAndRuntimeErrorsInDlls
  285. 4 Shared-memory manager (Windows only)=IDH_OP_theSharedMemoryManager
  286. 3 Packages
  287. 4 Packages: Overview=IDH_OP_packages
  288. 4 Package declarations and source files
  289. 5 Package declarations and source files=IDH_OP_packageDeclarationsAndSourceFiles
  290. 5 Naming packages=IDH_OP_namingPackages
  291. 5 The requires clause=IDH_OP_theRequiresClause
  292. 5 The contains clause=IDH_OP_theContainsClause
  293. 4 Compiling packages
  294. 5 Compiling packages: Overview=IDH_OP_compilingPackages
  295. 5 Generated files=IDH_OP_generatedFiles
  296. 5 Package-specific compiler directives=IDH_OP_packageSpecificCompilerDirectives
  297. 5 Package-specific command-line compiler switches=IDH_OP_packageSpecificCommandLineCompilerSwitches
  298. 2 Object interfaces
  299. 3 Object interfaces: Overview=IDH_OP_objectInterfaces
  300. 3 Interface types
  301. 4 Interface types: Overview=IDH_OP_interfaceTypes
  302. 4 IInterface and inheritance=IDH_OP_iunknownAndInheritance
  303. 4 Interface identification=IDH_OP_interfaceIdentification
  304. 4 Calling conventions for interfaces=IDH_OP_interfaceCallingConventions
  305. 4 Interface properties=IDH_OP_interfaceProperties
  306. 4 Forward declarations=IDH_OP_forwardDeclarations
  307. 3 Implementing interfaces
  308. 4 Implementing interfaces=IDH_OP_implementingInterfaces
  309. 4 Method resolution clauses=IDH_OP_methodResolutionClauses
  310. 4 Changing inherited implementations=IDH_OP_changingInheritedImplementations
  311. 4 Implementing interfaces by delegation
  312. 5 Implementing interfaces by delegation=IDH_OP_implementingInterfacesByDelegation
  313. 5 Delegating to an interface-type property=IDH_OP_delegatingToAnInterfaceTypeProperty
  314. 5 Delegating to a class-type property=IDH_OP_delegatingToAClassTypeProperty
  315. 3 Interface references
  316. 4 Interface references=IDH_OP_interfaceReferences
  317. 4 Interface assignment-compatibility=IDH_OP_interfaceAssignmentCompatibility
  318. 3 Interface typecasts=IDH_OP_interfaceTypecasts
  319. 3 Interface querying=IDH_OP_interfaceQuerying
  320. 3 Automation objects
  321. 4 Automation objects (Windows only)=IDH_OP_automationObjects
  322. 4 Dispatch interface types (Windows only)=IDH_OP_dispatchInterfaceTypes
  323. 4 Accessing Automation objects (Windows only)=IDH_OP_accessingAutomationObjects
  324. 4 Dual interfaces (Windows only)=IDH_OP_dualInterfaces
  325. 2 Memory management
  326. 3 Memory management: Overview=IDH_OP_memoryManagement
  327. 3 Variables=IDH_OP_variablesM
  328. 3 Integer types=IDH_OP_integerTypesM
  329. 3 Character types=IDH_OP_characterTypesM
  330. 3 Boolean types=IDH_OP_booleanTypesM
  331. 3 Enumerated types=IDH_OP_enumeratedTypesM
  332. 3 Real types=IDH_OP_realTypesM
  333. 3 Pointer types=IDH_OP_pointerTypesM
  334. 3 Short string types=IDH_OP_shortStringTypesM
  335. 3 Long string types=IDH_OP_longStringTypesM
  336. 3 Wide string types=IDH_OP_wideStringTypesM
  337. 3 Set types=IDH_OP_setTypesM
  338. 3 Static array types=IDH_OP_staticArrayTypesM
  339. 3 Dynamic array types=IDH_OP_dynamicArrayTypesM
  340. 3 Record types=IDH_OP_recordTypesM
  341. 3 File types=IDH_OP_fileTypesM
  342. 3 Procedural types=IDH_OP_proceduralTypesM
  343. 3 Class types=IDH_OP_classTypesM
  344. 3 Class reference types=IDH_OP_classReferenceTypesM
  345. 3 Variant types=IDH_OP_variantTypesM
  346. 2 Program control
  347. 3 Program control: Overview=IDH_OP_programControl
  348. 3 Parameters and function results
  349. 4 Parameters and function results: Overview=IDH_OP_parametersAndFunctionResults
  350. 4 Parameter passing=IDH_OP_parameterPassing
  351. 4 Function results=IDH_OP_functionResuts
  352. 4 Method calls=IDH_OP_methodCalls
  353. 4 Constructors and destructors=IDH_OP_constructorsAndDestructors
  354. 2 Exit procedures=IDH_OP_exitProcedures
  355. 2 Inline assembler code
  356. 3 Inline assembler code: Overview=IDH_OP_inlineAssemblerCode
  357. 3 The asm statement=IDH_OP_theAsmStatement
  358. 3 Assembler statement syntax
  359. 4 Assembler statement syntax=IDH_OP_assemblerStatementSyntax
  360. 4 Labels=IDH_OP_assemblerLabels
  361. 4 Instruction opcodes=IDH_OP_instructionOpcodes
  362. 4 Assembler directives=IDH_OP_assemblerDirectives
  363. 4 Operands=IDH_OP_operands
  364. 3 Expressions
  365. 4 Expressions: Overview=IDH_OP_assemblerExpressions
  366. 4 Differences between Object Pascal and assembler expressions=IDH_OP_differencesBetweenObjectPascalAndAssemblerExpressions
  367. 4 Expression elements
  368. 5 Expression elements: Overview=IDH_OP_expressionElements
  369. 5 Constants=IDH_OP_assemblerConstants
  370. 5 Registers=IDH_OP_registers
  371. 5 Symbols=IDH_OP_symbols
  372. 3 Expression classes=IDH_OP_expressionClasses
  373. 4 Expression types=IDH_OP_expressionTypes
  374. 4 Expression operators=IDH_OP_expressionOperators
  375. 2 Assembler procedures and functions=IDH_OP_assemblerProceduresAndFunctions
  376. 2 Object Pascal grammar
  377. 3 Formal grammar=IDH_OP_objectPascalGrammar
  378.